Is It Better to Fit in or to Be Different

In life, there are many ways when it is better to be different and there are many ways when it is better to fit in. There are times when it is good to be both. There are many times when they could be used well. Some times, it is better to be unusual. In academics, it is better to be diverse when somebody wants to be complimented and considered smart by using a new way to do a problem. In business, it is better for him to seem creative by not thinking like the others. In addition, when a person wants somebody to notice him he has to be different. For popularity, it is better to be unique because a person may become popular for being different and not have to follow the crowd in ways that he may not like. In some ways, it is better to fit in. In school, to fit in is to make good grades so they are not different in brains, which is better than to be different and not make good grades. In business, there is also a time where people would not be fired because they are doing as the boss tells them to and not trying to do something different that displeases the boss. In reputation, it is better to fit in because if somebody is different people may isolate that person. It is better to be both; in corporations, it is when a person thinks outside the box while doing what the boss is asking. In education, it is when a person is smart, but still being smart if others are doing badly. In popularity, it is when a person fits in with the crowd while making his opinion. There are many ways in which to be different and in which to fit in. There are also times when it is okay to fit in but not okay to be different. There are times when it is okay to be either one. That is why nobody should stick to doing just one thing all the time.

Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein Essay

Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein tells the story of Victor’s ambition to successfully create a life through the use of science. In the present times, this is closely known as genetic engineering or cloning, wherein a scientist or a doctor dabbles in the works of creating a new life or transforming a life through science and technology. Shelley shows in her work that Victor had successfully created a being, however it stunned him, not in amazement but in hatred and fear of the misshapen creature he has created. The creature that Victor created was adultlike like in its physique but childlike in its mind. Its innocence became its downfall as it slowly learned, the hard way, that it is not a normal human being but a reject of the society because of its appearance. This led to its violent rampage destroying the things that it desires, belongingness in the society, and created an even more fearsome aura that caused people, even its creator, a deeper terror and horror in its existence. This shows that such inventions and discoveries does not necessarily mean success in the world of science as such creatures do not play a significant role in making the lives of people better. This indicates that science and technology has a great power in playing with fate and lives that people tend to question its ethics, morals and values. Shelley successfully presents in her work that science has to consider certain ethics and morals with its inventions, thinking about the purpose and result of the work in the world of humans. Ethics and morals are the basis of how humans live and think. The society strongly against inventions such as cloning and genetic engineering because of these values. Although the value life is a strong motive for dabbling into the arts of creating or transforming human life, the society thinks immoral of such actions because it makes the creator play with life, which in a religious or ethical sense, humans cannot play with. Shelley’s Frankenstein shows that playing with fate and life has its consequences. Something that is created from the pieces of humanity cannot be entirely human on its own. Rejection is always present in society, and it cannot be blamed on the people when a creature, as misshapen as Frankenstein roams the streets without full knowledge of what life is. The lesson the Shelley leaves her readers is the importance of considering how knowledge is to be used for humanity and to improve human life. Another impacting thought that Shelley leaves is the significance of proper teaching of the masters to their students. When Victor showed an uncanny interest in modern science, his teachers dismissed his curiousity without explaining to him why such fascination is dangerous and not worth paying attention to. Victor turned to modern science because of the limitations of alchemy. He combined his knowledge of aggripa, alchemy and the modern science to turn create a new life that he later rejected and loathed. Both the educators and the students have a responsibility in what they do and the results of their actions. Before any scientific invention and discovery is pursued, ethical considerations, moral responsibility and purpose is to be weighed. Educators and students should look at their works with purpose and not just because they wanted to create something new. They have to consider the results of such actions, and if it will result to something that is not beneficial for human life and will endanger the morals and values of the society, then it should be discouraged. Science and technology is something that is to be used to improve human life not destroy it.

Customer service contributes to customer satisfaction Essay

Introduction: In this Assignment I want to describe how consistent and reliable customer service contributes to customer satisfaction, explain why presentation, interpersonal and communication skills are important to customer service. And I will also anticipate and meet the needs of at least three different customers in a range of situations. Task 1 In this task I should describe how consistent and reliable customer service contributes to customer satisfaction. The national consumer council believes that smart businesses should ensure that the same member of staff deals with an individual customer from the beginning to the end what means if you welcome a customer you should try to deal with the customer and help the customer till the customer wants to go or dos not need your help anymore or till he buy something. Whilst this is the ideal, it isn’t always possible. Therefore, most organisations provide special training to staff to ensure that each person has the same approach with external customer. This is likely to focus on the following aspects of the job. * Scope of job role – You should know what you can do and what you can not do as part of your job and the type of issues you must refer to a supervisor. This should not stop you using your initiative to resolve a straightforward problem quickly, for example if you have nothing to do you should use your own initiative to look for something to do till a customer comes or if a customer has a problem by not finding what he wants to buy you can ask them if they need your help and if you can help them you should help by explaining where they can get it from and you should take care that you do not overstep the limits of your job role by making arrangement or promises that is outside your authority. * Type and quality of product or service – That means you should know the range of goods or services that are available, if you are selling consumable items, such as chocolates. Anyone who sells expensive items or complex services should also be able to give good advice on the best buys or most reliable suppliers, based on their own knowledge, feedback from other costumers and press reports. * Accessibility/Availability – There is nothing more irritating for customers that to want something and then find they are not available. This can relate to a product they have seen advertised but which has now sold out for example if you have an appointment with someone who cannot see you for some time or a room in a hotel which is fully booked. In this situation your job is to sympathise with the customer’s disappointment; try to help them if you can and pass on the information to your employer. This is important. If you have received many enquiries for the same thing in a day and disappointed most people, the stock levels for this product should be reviewed. * Staff attitude and behaviour – The importance of all staff having a consistently positive attitude and behaving courteously and professionally to customers cannot be underestimated. This means if your staffs have good attitude and behaviour the customers will feel comfortable and free to talk to the staff and it also makes customers feel valued and respected. * Timing – Approaching people at the wrong time, or if they are stressed, upset or busy can get a bad response. If you do this by accident, simply apologise and say you will contact them later. Being aware of your timing also means not keeping people waiting unduly; arranging appointments, phone calls and deliveries at your customers convenience, not yours; and never failing to call people back exactly as you promised. By this way you appear reliable to the customers. * Meeting specific customer needs – The skills of meeting customer needs involves identifying these by talking to the customer, and then matching them to the range of goods and services that you can offer. Most customers are pleased with this aspect of customer service because it gives them a sense of importance. Task 2 In this task I should explain why presentation, interpersonal and communication skills are important to customer service. Presentation skills – These skills relate to me as a person. What do other people see as I approach? Do I attract them or alarm them? This has nothing to do with good looks but everything to do with a welcoming smile, appropriate clothes and a smart appearance. Presentation skills include: * Body language; Body language is one of the presentations skills. Body language is a term of communication using body movements. One of the basic body language signal is when a person is crossing his arms across the chest this can mean that the person is putting up a barrier between himself and others but it can also mean that a the person is expressing opposition this is specially so, if the person is leaning away from the speaker. But crossing his arms across the chest can also mean that the person is deeply thinking about something. You can show someone that you are interested in what he is telling you if you keep eye contact. * Another presentations skill is also the dress code which means if you work in an office you have to wear a dress or if you are working somewhere else where they have their own uniform you must wear their uniform and it has to be clean. Many people will consider it impolite if your dress is too far above the dress code. Too far means if you are working for example in ASDA and you are wearing a coat to work, many customers will not know that you are one of the staffs. But if you are working in an environment where they don’t have to wear any uniform, then you must have a good sense to dress properly. * Facial expression is also a presentation skill; facial expression is a result from one or more motions of the muscles of the face. This movement convey the emotional state of the individual to observers. Facial expressions are a form of nonverbal communication. Expressions are closely tied to emotion. It can be nearly impossible to avoid expressions for certain emotions because if you see someone that you think he or she is highly unattractive you might show a brief expression of disgust before you will be able to reassume a neutral expression and if you don’t have this skill it may be hard for you to work in an environment with different customers or other staff members. Interpersonal skills are how people relate to one another, in other words it means how you behave when you are dealing with other people. Having positive interpersonal skills increase the productivity in a business. Interpersonal skills include: * First impression; your interpersonal skills are on show from the moment you greet a customer to the time you say goodbye and if your first impression to a customer is good the customer might come again. * Behaviour – This is what you do and why you do it in other words it is the actions or reactions from you, for example if you are a positive person, you will normally behave in a cheerful and friendly way to other peoples. * Attitude – Your attitude is the way you think. For example if you are depressed you will be negative, if you are fed up then you will be bored and if you are happy you will be friendly to other people. Communication skills – communication is a process whereby information is imparted by a sender to a receiver in other words you need to speak to you customer as well and how you do this is important. If you are communicating with a customer you must look after your * Your speech – this means that you should speak loud and clearly because if you are speaking too quietly or miss the endings of words, then the customer might have problems to understand you. * Your language – this means that you should use appropriate language for your customer because it is not appropriate to use slangs and jargons since the customer will not understand what you are talking about. * The pitch of your voice – this means that you should take care of how you sound. For example if you have to talk to a group of people you should raise your head and speak more loudly and clearly but without shouting. And you should know how to pitch your voice to hold the interests of your customer because if you sound monotone the customer will soon lose the interest. Task 3 In this task I should anticipate and meet the needs of at least three different customers in a range of situations. * Accessibility for disable peoples for example those with wheelchairs. The business makes their stores accessible for wheelchair user by having big signs that are clear and easy to read, a ramp as an alternative to steps, the doors should also be wide and easy to open and the widths are allowing wheelchairs and the height of counter areas and shelves also allows wheelchairs. The business should also have toilets that meet the needs of wheelchair users. And the staff should also take time to help peoples in wheelchairs if they need help. * Health and safety – The business makes their store healthy and safe by making sure that all selling environments are assassed for risk so that any hazards are minimised, it means, the business must keep the workplace clean, they must make sure that their floors, steps, stairs, passages and gangways are properly maintained and it is kept from any obstruction and any substance likely to cause a person to slip and fall. If you, as a staff member, see something that can affect the health and safety in the business then you should do something about it before something happened, for example if you see something on the floor that can make someone fall then you should take the thing away from the floor or if the floor is wet you should put a sign there that the floor is wet so that no one can fall. * Email – The business makes sure that they have a email account so that they can send emails to customers and others. If you send a email you should make sure that you chose the right message style and layout and that you follow the recommended business format. And the email should also be written in a courteous and tactful way and also the wording should be appropriate for the situation. But it will be useful if for example you want to send an email to a customer you should mark the email as high priority if it will be important for the customer. And for you as a staff member you should have the skills to send an email which means that you should be a able to apply the appropriate customer service an to make sure that you chose a good tone and degree of formality depending upon the person and your reason for writing and it is important that the business mails should comply with organisational rules and recognised standards.

Assignment 1 - The Financing Decision Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Assignment 1 - The Financing Decision - Essay Example inder of sales are non-food grocery items like toothpaste, soap, health and beauty products and non-grocery items such as electrical goods, fuel, and house wares. 75% of sales are made in supermarkets and superstores owned by large multiple supermarket chains, with the remainder consisting of sales at small convenience and traditional retail stores accounting for a decreasing 7% of total sales (Defra, 2006, p. 1-2). Amongst the latter are stores that stock a range of specialist products such as newsagents selling confectionary, tobacco, and newspapers, specialist grocers, food specialists such as chain stores of bakers, butchers, and health food shops, and independent specialist retailers. The industry captures 13.1% of total household expenditures, which is expected to increase as these giants widen their business to include non-traditional products and services such as banking, health care, and mobile phones. Some 1.2 million people, 5% of UK’s workforce, are employed in over 102,000 stores all over the nation (Defra, 2006, p. 3). The size, visibility, and influence of grocery retailers have made them the focus of much attention and controversy. Their economic power, key industry trends and characteristics, and the nature of competition amongst the different grocery retailers have profound economic, social, and environmental impact on the UK. This is why the sector is highly regulated by the UK government and, more often than not, is the target of civil society groups that want their say in the pricing and the sourcing of goods and services, the location of shops, the employment opportunities, their accessibility to disadvantaged social groups, and the health and safety standards of what they sell, amongst many other things. The industry is dominated by the so-called Top Four: Tesco, Asda-WalMart, Sainsbury’s, and Morrisons, all of which are publicly-listed UK companies that grew organically at a steady rate in the last three decades. The remainder

Self evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Self evaluation - Essay Example Therefore, before I began writing my personal narrative, I had decided on what I wanted to write. I stuck to my original topic and wrote the narrative to the end while. I knew altering the topic midway the essay would complicate the narrative. Changing the essay midway would make the narrative lose its intended meaning of informing the readers the importance of having caring friends. Additionally, altering the topic would make readers find difficulties understanding how Hallie impacted in my life. As I created my essay, I encountered some few problems here and there. The most noted problem was coming up with a topic. As I have already explicated, I have lots of things to write about; thus, choosing one became problematic. However, after thinking widely, I decided to write about my experience in Italy with Hallie. Another problem was the lack of enough time to write my essay. Writing an essay is a lengthy process which requires time, failure of which may make one produce papers that are weak and lacks strong argument. In as much as the time was limited, I still managed to organize my thoughts to produce an exciting piece of work. There are two essential changes that I made while revising my work. The first change involved incorporating additional situations of dialogue in my essay. I added more instances of dialogue so that the readers could have the true feeling of what happened that day. Dialogue helped in advancing the story, developing characters, and moving the plot. In this way, the narrative was more appealing to the readers. Secondly, I also changed the last sentence of the essay. I decided to use a proverb since proverbs emphasize themes. Therefore, by concluding my essay with an adage, I wanted the readers to understand the meaning and importance of friendship. In conclusion, I enjoyed writing my essay, and I was proud to include the part that explicated how I

The Meanings of peace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Meanings of peace - Essay Example issues, Barash and Webel (5-6), indicate peace is not just the nonexistence of violence, but also the existence of tolerance and harmony across different ethnicities and economic classes. Further, there is logic of forbearance in international affairs for the attainment of true harmony in global society. By indicating that Violence becomes connected to harmony at an early level, since basically; it is shaped by the nature of an authority. Harmony develops, thanks to individual modifications of power structures (Barash and Webel 6-11). The meaning of â€Å"war and peace are two ends of a continuum† (Barash and Webel 10) implies conflict is a likely result of the idea of peace that is common in the mainstream society. This implies peace as lack of violence. Further, it is a fact, long believed in peace findings and conflict issues. In view of this, satisfaction with the mere lack of â€Å"concrete† violence falls short of the beliefs of peace and serves successfully to conceal cruelty that is executed at a more profound level. The authors designated this profound conflict that is an essential part of the general order as some sort of structural hostility. The existence of a voiceless society is mistakenly interpreted as a tranquil society. Structural violence is believed in everyday existence, roughly as normal as it is in the current world. This invisible cruelty is established by an extensive arrangement of triggering factors in society that affect the generation of multiple forms of disparity (Bara sh and Webel 9). According to Barash, and Webel (7), being concerned with this hostility is a condition that may be systemically generated. By saying negative peace means the â€Å"absence of war† (Barash and Webel 7), it simply implies absolute peace. Conversely, positive peace means the concealment of the prevailing hostility (Barash and Webel 7-8). Furthermore, this is an idea of conflict linked to peace, and harmony as lack of hostility, which describes the influence

Quality of Life principles by the Toronto Real Estate Board Scholarship Essay

Quality of Life principles by the Toronto Real Estate Board - Scholarship Essay Example Rooted with the goal to increase the peoples’ awareness that they are part of the community, they aimed to make people see that they do not only want to sell houses but even more – that they hope to create communities where people can live, work, and do other stuffs in a peaceful, safe and clean place (Ontario Real Estate Association REALTORS ® â€Å"Quality of† 2). In realizing these goals, they founded the program with five major principles of â€Å"protecting economic vitality, providing housing opportunities, preserving the environment, protecting property owners, and building better communities† (Ontario Real Estate Association REALTORS ® â€Å"REALTOR ® Guide† 1). They believe, however, that these are broad and needs to be furnished more. Hence, the founders suggested that other realtors who want to apply these principles can modify the program according to the situation of each place. Getting involved in local issues. Because real estate agents are involved in selling homes, they are responsible in knowing the condition of the place and the people as a whole. They can make an action plan that will involve the local police, municipal government, the media as well as the rest of the community in tackling important issues that can affect the quality of life. Visibility can be appreciated if realtors can provide significant contributions concerning the issue and not only tackle it. Instance like recommending to the government that the homebuyers’ provincial land transfer taxes be reduced is one (Flood). Supporting the Government’s Plan. One of the innovations that are given focus by Mcguinty government as per report is to â€Å"create jobs today to prepare a strong economy for tomorrow† (Ontario Ministry of Finance 1). Moreover, an agreement that gives financial support to allow affordable housing was already signed in the year 2005 in partnership with homeownership

Environmental Studies Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Environmental Studies - Assignment Example overtime in abundance usually comprise of shallow, warm, marine waters, which is exactly the kind of environment that is required by organisms to form a kind of calcium carbonate shell and skeleton and extract the essential ingredients from the ocean water. These organisms soon die out and their shell and skeletons accumulate and settle to form a type of biological sedimentary rock. This rock will contain at least fifty percent calcium along with a multitude of other minerals and materials, namely; Quartz, clay minerals, feldspar and a few more. There are several large limestone deposits in the world that have been extracted for use in industry. In parts of the United States there are extensive deposits of limestone of various ages from a handful of thousands to more than 350 million years old. In India, several deposits of limestone can be found that are used by the local industries for production processes. More than two-third of India's production of limestone comes from five stat es of Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Chhattisgarh. Each of these contributes more than 9 per cent of the country's output. The areas of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra and Himachal Pradesh, each of which are producing over 5 per cent of the country's lime ­stone, account for another 28 per cent of the coun ­try's production of limestone. . In India, the regions mentioned above; Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Chhattisgarh, were the major sources of limestone that contributed to the nation’s supply. Together, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh had a tremendous total of 2,126 million tones of limestone in weight that contributed a total of twenty six percent to the country’s overall production of limestone. Andhra Pradesh, individually,... This paper approves that limestone is the key ingredient in the creation of cement that is used to construct infrastructure. Despite the fact that India produced limestone in such abundance, there have been several shortages of cement that have halted construction altogether. The purest form of natural limestone that is found in some areas of India where limestone deposits exist, is used primarily for decorative purposes in government buildings, museums, extravagant hotels, and sometimes even homes if the occupants are able to afford it; Pure marble limestone is expensive compared to normal limestone. Limestone marble takes several unique shapes and patterns that make it valuable for these purposes in the form of floor tiles, statues, landscaping and roofing. This report makes a conclusion that sustainability is essential for the welfare of our world and the steady growth of society. We work to increase the sustainability of natural resources and the environment, for that purpose, we offer suggestions and recommendations to organizations. In this case, limestone is the resource in discussion. It is clear that limestone deposits will run dry, in fact, shortages have already begun. It is therefore important to look for sustainable solutions and replacements for limestone that will ensure continued, quality production for the business. A project known as The Efficient Limestone Crusher Project was introduced to increase the sustainable quarrying of limestone using specialized crushers and heavy machinery, applying this method may also prove sustainable for the business.

Parents play an essential role in the development of their child's Essay

Parents play an essential role in the development of their child's language.Discuss - Essay Example As Gordon Wells (1986) indicates, the entire function of learning language and interacting socially is geared toward making connections with other people as well as to help the individual make sense of their experiences. â€Å"Language occurs through an interaction among genes (which hold innate tendencies to communicate and be sociable), environment, and the child’s own thinking abilities† (Genishi, 2006). But just how does this happen? How do children learn to use sounds to communicate and then to place those sounds in the correct order to make themselves understood? While much of this behavior can be attributed to imitation of the caregivers, there remain aspects to the development of language and communication that cannot be so easily explained. To provide a more complete understanding of how language and communication develop in the young child, it is necessary to understand not only the primary terms that are applied, but also the parts and components that make up language. This helps to inform the various theories that have been developed relating to language development which then begins to identify how environmental aspects of the child’s world may contribute to the development of language and identify those strategies that are used to encourage language development. There are several terms used in a discussion of language development that may not be quite as obvious as they might seem at first glance. Generally speaking, language is defined as a set of symbols, typically in the form of articulatory gestures and the creation of sounds, which are used to communicate or store information (Eccardt, 2003). â€Å"The symbols are words, and their meanings cover everything we humans deal with †¦ Generally, the above definition puts the label ‘language’ on English, Spanish, Chinese, etc. It also covers sign languages for deaf people† (Eccardt, 2003).

Leroy Nikky Barnes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leroy Nikky Barnes - Research Paper Example this life imprisonment was changed to 35 years of sentence when Barnes became a valuable government informant and began to expose myriad secrets of other drug lords and crime bosses. This research paper seeks to explore the character, status, and life journey of Nicky Barnes. Barnes had extremely conniving and astute skills which he used to spread crime in the country. It was in the prodigious world of crime that he found his shine and glory. Crime was where his mind worked the best and developed ingenious strategies to advance his interests. Research suggests that only a few other drug dealers were bigger than Barnes â€Å"during the Harlem heroin plague of the seventies† (Jacobson, 2014). He is 80 years old now and lives a quiet sober life, but he made a lot of headlines in myriad newspapers around the globe in his youth and adult life. He was the ringleader of the very notorious criminal organization named â€Å"The Council.† He himself laid foundation of this organization which under his guidance grew to become a highly powerful network. The centre of main function was Harlem, a large neighbourhood in New York City, where the heroin trade was controlled. An important thing worth mentioning here is that the name Barnes is not all about c rime because he is so much more than just that. Obviously, crime describes him and the first thing that comes up in anyone’s mind upon hearing the name Leroy Barnes is image of a powerful drug lord. But, research suggests that Barnes has long stopped worrying over drug mafia and heroin trade, rather â€Å"he is a doting family man, concerned only with his daughters and grandchildren† (Capeci, 1999). Also, not many people know that Barnes used to be a very smart student when he was young until forced to elope from home to avoid living with an abusive and alcoholic father. He remained involved in drug-dealing for a long time to support himself. It was only when he was sentenced to jail for drug-dealing that he gave up his

Heart disease. Comprehensive Health History Paper Essay

Heart disease. Comprehensive Health History Paper - Essay Example The disease has subjected him to continuous medication and treatment services that are costly and time consuming (Esselstyn, 2007). The disease has also compromised his social, economic and psychological capacity. This has been affecting his self-ego and esteem. These are fundamental elements for effective human development. The patient has experienced heart failure on a single occasion in the year 2012. Consequently, David increased the dosage and vigor of medication. The patient has been taking Asprins, Beta-blockers and Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors designed for coronary heart failures and will continue until his status improves. David has also been subjected to continuous therapeutic nursing care services. It is highly likely that David will need such services for a lengthy period until the disease heals completely. Health status, support and perceived barriers David’s health status is currently improving due to the medical assistance available to him. His rampant chest discomfort has been reducing because he is not exposed to the potential risk factors. Consequently, his rapid pulse rate and prolonged breath complications that used to affect him have been treated using Calcium channel blockers (Esselstyn, 2007). Consequently, David can perform several tasks making him hopeful. This has enabled him to realize the power of friends and medical officials in his medication process. Various individuals including his friends, doctors and community members in the state have been treating him with care. These individuals are instrumental because they allow him to recuperate and ensure that necessary support is available. As noted, the friends and other concerned parties have been supporting him with material, spiritual and physical assistance. The incentives are to make him regain his potential and recuperate faster. However, various barrier s compromise the effectiveness of the initiatives. These barriers include lack of adequate resources, poor diet and effective prevention of preventing atherosclerosis Chief complaint (CC) and History of present illness (HPI) The Chief Complain during the time of the interview included chest pain compounded with the shortness of breath. It is crucial to highlight that David has been taking Asprins to address the chest pain. However, the shortness of breath has not been fully addressed. David attributes his illness to high blood pressure, tobacco smoking, atherosclerosis and high cholesterol levels. Indeed, atherosclerosis is the leading cause that attack individuals from childhood (Gregson, 2001). The disease hides in the body cells and pronounces itself at maturity stage. This high risk factor is what exposed David to coronary complications at his age. Its

Greed for Money Essay Example for Free

Greed for Money Essay Today, greed for money, together with greed for power, is one of the chief causes of human misery. No wonder our Lord put as his first beatitudes;† Blessed are the poor in spirit. † Poverty in spirit is the opposite of greed for money, for it means detachment from material things coupled with trust in God as the only Savior. People cheat other people for money. They betray friends for money. Members of the same family – sometimes parents and children quarrel and sue each other in court over money. Jesus was very well aware that money would rival God in the eyes of many people. That is why he warned â€Å"No man can serve two masters, you cannot serve God and money†. He himself was the victim of greed. In the end, He was betrayed for thirty pieces of silver by Judas. It takes real grace to see the seduction of money and the emptiness of its promises. Aspiring politicians have heard of the sad end of Ferdinand Marcos, and other dictators whose billions benefit only the Swiss banks but not those who robbed their own people. And yet given the opportunity, how many will resist the temptation to take advantage of one’s public trust? In the song Hello Dolly, it says â€Å"Money my dear is like manure. It is good for nothing unless it is spread around to make your things grow. † Many of us are rather more fascinated by the manure and love to store it, more than to share it.

The Life Of Adoor Gopalakrishnan Film Studies Essay

The Life Of Adoor Gopalakrishnan Film Studies Essay Moutatthu Adoor Gopalakrishnan Unnithan is a National Award winning Indian film director, script writer, and producer. Adoor Gopalakrishnan had a major role in revolutionizing Malayalam cinema. Adoor Gopalakrishnan first film Ones Own Choice (1972) pioneered the new wave cinema movement in Kerala. Over the last 40 years Gopalakrishnan has made films, short films, plays and documentaries in the Malayalam language spoken in the Kerala state located in the south west corner of India. All the 11 films he directed, from Ones Own Choice (1972) to A Climate for Crime (2008), were screened at several International film festivals and won him several National and International awards. He won National Film Awards fifteen times, Kerala State Film Awards seventeen times and also won several International Film Awards. He won the prestigious British Film Institute award for The Rat Trap (1981). Adoor Gopalakrishnan received the Padma Shri in 1984 and the Padma Vibhushan in 2006. The Nation honored Adoor for his valuable contributions to Indian cinema by awarding him the highest cinema award of India, the Dadasaheb Phalke Award for the year 2004. He is one among the very few Indian film makers who are well known in the international film fraternity. (Razdan ) During the 1970s a revitalized movement for good cinema called parallel cinema started in Kerala with Adoor Gopalakrishnan leading the cause. Parallel Cinema is an alternative to the mainstream commercial cinema, is a specific movement in Indian cinema, known for its serious content, realism and naturalism, with a keen eye on the sociopolitical climate of the times. A neo-realist film director by definition Adoor films tend to be much more than that. He involves the audience allowing them to become part of the film rather than just spectators. Adoors films and the characters in them are derived from real people and real situations. He uses his films to address underlying social problems presented in his home state of Kerala. Nothing is sugar coated, only the real stories of common social problems and how these problems affect people in their daily lives. His films dont necessarily try to solve these problems, but show the viewers the sacrifices and hardships those problems present to people that because of different social classes the viewers might not be aware of. By watching other peoples struggles, Adoor lets his audience experience and learn from these life struggles in hopes that the viewers wont repeat some of the mistakes that were made. Adoor Gopalakrishnan has been known as a director who completely dictates every fine detail of his films. From cinematography to acting, Adoor molds each frame of his films, inviting viewers to experience and discover new levels of thinking while still addressing the key overtone of the plot of his film. On the performance of actors in his movies, he stated that It is not the artists job to do the detailing. I do not want different interpretations of roles that may clash with each other. It has to be absolutely unified. According to Adoor in movies, the actor is not performing to the audience like the stage actor. Here they are acting for me. I am the audience and I will decide whether it is correct or not, enough or not. (Panicker) The film, Ones own choice (1972) is a film that portrays the middle class of Kerala as it transitions to a more modernist society. The emphasis of the film shows the economic and social crisis that young couples endure while trying to make a life for themselves. In the beginning there happy and together but as life plays out there world is turned upside down and in the end all we see is a woman, distraught, alone and overwhelmed starring into a unknown future by herself and her small child. This was the 1st feature film that Adoor directed and it went on to win many national and international awards. The film, Four Women (2009) tells the tales of four women in modern India. Each woman had their own roles in the film: the virgin, spinster, prostitute, and house wife. There is no real plot associated with this film or any type of closure enabling the Adoor to focus the viewers attention to the individual stories of the women. Each woman has her own social status in the film and their stories reflect their perspective in regards to their status during the time that they lived in. This film tends to show male domination of the women, but also gives way to a feminist rebellion brewing in each woman. Yet the film is not feminist in nature, since Adoor Gopalakrishnan is more concerned in portraying the era and the fine details it holds regarding the rituals and patterns of society than just to present a story regarding the power and will of womanhood. Irrespective of the fact, that he took his liberties in exercising what should be seen and what remains unseen and what remained- the ear thly nature of the film, which in all due, is as much powerful to what is portrayed (the role and growth of the woman). These women understand their roles, but are starting to believe that they can be something better. The film puts an emphasis on what constitutes living a life or just going through the motions of life. These women want to be something more than their social class structure allows them to be and without forgetting there place, they strive to be more than they are or at last dream they are. (Nitesh) Shadow Kill (2002) is the story of a hangman, Kaliyappan. The executioner is unhappy due to the guilt attached to his means of earning income. He realizes that the executions that he often carries out are a result of politics and not justice. To cleanse himself of the guilt, the King issues a pardon in the form of a clemency order, which deliberately arrives a few minutes after the hanging. However, Kaliyappan has no way to absolve himself from the guilt. As times change, the hangings grow increasingly few and far between. One day Kaliyappan receives orders to prepare for another hanging, which is due to take place in a couple of days. Kaliyappans preparations include rigorous prayers and penance; yet as the day draws closer, he becomes more and more perturbed. Just before the execution, Kaliyappan sits down with his friends for a traditional drink. To pass time, one of them starts telling a story about a young girl who was raped and murdered. As the story proceeds Kaliyappan begins to imagine the young victim to be his own daughter. The overpowering thoughts completely shatter his mental framework and he is unable to perform the execution. In this film Adoor shows the audience what its like to live in someone elses shoes. Would we make the same mistakes or come to the same reasoning as Kaliyappan did? As human beings are our lives controlled by fate or do we have control of what happens around us? These are some of the questions that after watching this movie become apparent. Adoor gives the viewers the opportunity to face these questions through the eyes of the Kaliyappan. The Rat Trap (1981) is a film about a middle-aged rural landowner, who has never had to do a thing for himself, loses the female relatives who wait on him, one after another, and watches helplessly as his estate, already ravaged by thefts and mismanagement, falls into decay. With his only known life in ruins he completely withdrawals to himself and becomes completely self absorbed, incapable of caring or showing any response to change. He is trapped in his own life. Instead of trying to find a way out he simply gives up all hope and does nothing. He is a man caught in a trap or as the movie title suggests a Rat Trap. This film went on to win many International awards and won the coveted Sutherland trophy at the 1982 London Film Festival. Adoor Gopalakrishnan films are drawn from real people, real lives. His cinema manages to frame details that often escape our everyday glance, turning the mundane into the magical, the commonplace into the startling. Adoors characters are extraordinarily varied. A couple living in defiance of society, trying to make ends meet; a rootless, rustic man unaware of his responsibilities; an ex-revolutionary wasting himself, sleeping and eating and drinking, much to the disgust of his old comrades; and a prostitute discovering love only to be separated from her lover by the guardians of society. He invites his viewers to open their minds to different experiences and life lessons that each character presents. As Adoor stated in an interview at the London Film Festival Ideas come from life, what you have been living through and what you have observed. Creativity defies simple definitions and explanations. The mysterious and unknown element of it is what make it ever exciting and interesting. (Bhaskaran) His work has motivated a new generation of film-makers to use their medium in bold new ways and to explore traditionally forbidden topics. Adoor Gopalakrishnan films are about humanity and what experiences we learn through living. He doesnt give the answers but his films guide us as viewers to an understanding that unfamiliar or uncertain aspects of life are just that, a part of life, which we can learn and grow from.

Sainsburys: Strategies for Customer Retention

Sainsburys: Strategies for Customer Retention CHAPTER (1) Abstract My research paper basically seeks to understand the priorities of customer in Sainsbury of selection of products while shopping. And Sainsburys efforts to work on their new products with maintenance of their class and reasonable value to give best services to their loyal customers. My research also seeks to highlight the consumer behaviour which makes them to keep visiting Sainsburys. UK retail market is the best example of competitive market. Research need to understand the product class which leads to quality of product and categorization of products, secondly the product value which shows pricing with different aspects in the UK market and specially in Sainsburys. And I am also going to research about the failure strategies of the Sainsburys. I will conduct this research by the one to one interview with the senior manager of Sainsburys as well as there would be a deep research which will be taken out from the questionnaire with the customer of Sainsburys. Basically the interview will give me the basic line of action of the marketing strategy of the new product of Sainsburys and also it will identify the different products class and with their different values. Questionnaire from the customer will highlight the requirements and basic theme of the consumer that what they think, what they plan and how they choose. I shall also discuss the last two years of the Sainsburys progresses about the products because in past two year Sainsbury has improved their activities under the new management. Introduction United Kingdom is one of the most fast growing markets in fast moving consumer goods in the world. Market opportunities are comparatively very better than the other countries. Resources and legal GOVT. policies are very helpful for the new entrants in the retail market even though the UK five hundred retailers are enjoying about 85 percent of the whole market and rest of 215000 retailers are struggling for remaining market shares. And this trend or market competition encourages or forces the retailers to focus only the customer needs. This trend gives the opportunity to big retailers to make the huge supermarkets. That all the fast moving products include food and noon food item, home appliances and much more under the same roof to fulfil the customer needs and these supermarkets proved more convenience for the consumers. In early 19 century in UK, the retail market had different shape which calls co-operative movement where the multiple retailer or group of retailers comes under one management for working together to sell their products in reason able price to their customers. This trend of co-operative movement started in UK by Rochdale, Lancashire in 1840 and later in north of Englands retailers. But this merging was only for the customers who purchased the products in bulk. After Second World War when the economy of United Kingdom was rebuilding, that was the perfect time for the investors to invest in the different fields of business and retailers also made their positions. Like after four year of war end Marks Spencer opened their first supermarket in 1948 then Sainsburys opened in 1950, Tesco opened their first self service store in 1954, Morison opened 1958 and ASDA opened first supermarket in 1963. The era of 1960, 70s, 80s was the time of expansion of these giants who later opened their sup ermarket with different sizes in all over the places in UK, made their stores more convenience and gave more reliable services to their customers. In todays fast paced life nobody has time to go at individual shops for all the household needs and supermarkets has fulfilled this deficiency by providing their target market all the products i.e., from grocery to personal care, and from children items to medicines and electronics, furniture, fresh items, meat, etc. etc. The availability of all these items under one roof has various attractions which encourage a customer to visit in supermarkets. (www.tescopoly.org) (Raphael Moreau: franchiseek.com) Supermarkets have one major advantage that customer come mentally prepared to make heavy shopping i.e., at least the stock of one week household items so that he / she do not have to come again and again for small items. As London is one of most populated city in the world and day-to-day expenses needs to be made by everyone, in this way supermarkets are able to make large volume of sales. Due to large scale of purchasing supermarkets are able to make different offers especially on the frequently moving items like snacks, cheese, drinks, chocolates, bakery items, beers, wine, vegetables, fruits, meat, etc. etc. In this way consumers are tempted to make forced selling. Due to large sales volume the selling costs goes down which in turn enhances the profits of the supermarkets. (Grahame Dowling: Buying Behaviour) At the start of 2007 the UK retail market was worth about 128.2 billion with the comprehensive increase of 4 percent after 2006. End of 2007 that was reported that there are about 99, 134 retail stores in the United Kingdom which contain the small stores like Spar or Londies and also include the supermarkets like Tesco, Sainsbury etc. These all stores, grocers and supermarkets are expanding their businesses widely as their target market is expanding which made the UK market best example of perfect competitive market. (www.igd.com) UK retail Market Growth UK Grocery Market Performance (Source: IGD Research 2007) As discussed about the supermarkets and different retailers it shows that the customers of UK have wide range of option of selection. In order to evaluate the customer selection of product is the firm it should mostly refer to the traditional forms of marketing as they can be observed in most companies internationally. In this context, the study of Aufreiter et al. (2000) showed that when traditional marketers think of organization, they mean structure: distinct product, channel, and customer groups focusing on specific functional tasks, such as brand differentiation, customer segment management, and market research while functional managers play the pivotal roles in these functionally focused customer groups, which are responsible for generating ideas and taking them to market. (Aufreiter, N., Lawyer, T., Lun, C. (2000) In a sense, customer selection of product is formulated in each case in accordance with the needs of the particular company but most importantly with the conditions of the market. The term of focusing the product is often used in this case to show the involvement of entrepreneur in the design and the application process of the customer satisfaction of specific product and the main targets of the marketing policies used by a specific organization. In this context, Welsh (2003) supported that this term can be defined as â€Å"the proactive identification and exploitation of opportunities for attracting and retaining customers through innovative approaches to risk management, resource leveraging and value creation† (Welsh, 2003, 5). On the other hand, it is necessary that firms internationally use the appropriate techniques of communication in accordance with the social and cultural conditions of the market involved. Regarding this issue, the study of Dobie et al. (2003) showed t hat â€Å"marketing communications are an important element of any product as it is essential to inform potential and existing customers regarding product/service availability and application, and to persuade potential users to investigate, examine, and/or try the proffered product/ service†. (Dobie, K., Grant, J., Megehee, C. (2003). After reviewing the different views of customer selection one could easily notify that in UK where about 10 percent of the whole country is not native can be a complicated market where the product selection can be different and these people have to cover by supermarkets to attract them by their native products with concern food and grocery products. And this objective forces them to make new product lines in their stores. As I mentioned about the trend of supermarket in the UK and further on the three top supermarkets are following: Tesco ASDA Sainsburys This is the recent research that Tesco has 31.5 percent of whole UK retail market share further on ASDA who has 16.7 percent as well as Sainsbury who covered the 16.3 percent market share. In 1980s and early 90s Sainsbury had the leadership of UK market how ever in 1995 Tesco leads with 17 percent market share with rapidly increasing following years. But from past two years when the Sainsbury comes under new management with Justin King they increased well and fortune is this that could compete their rival ASDA and could regain on number two position in UK retail market. Sainsburys management is now improving under the new managerial structure and introducing the wide range of production their stores with different class and value. They increased their organic range and new lines of something new which also include the food items which concern their other countries customers who are living in UK. (news.bbc.co.uk) In 2005 Sainsbury also changed their slogan â€Å"try something new today† to introduce their wide range of new products to their loyal customers. As the Sainsbury is the UK third largest supermarket has increased its like to like sale from last two years. And this method encourages them to deliver large number of products in their stores which is a challenge and if they cant do so they can lower their growth rate as per their other competitors who are increasing significantly. Sainsbury also increased their non food products in the stores. They want to entertain their customer with their new product line including food and non food products. But the challenge is if their other rivals like ASDA and Tesco dont slope down their non food products offers it can be a big lose for Sainsbury. Sainsbury who has about 2.2 billion turnover per year has the fortune to increase it to 3.5 billion by 2011. Sainsbury also have smaller stores then Tesco and ASDA which they are planning to inc rease their stores next year as well as likely to increase the senior management of their stores. As we know Sainsbury has the massive 136 years history in the UK market even though some of the time likes 1995 when Tesco increased its market share till now which is incredible effort of Tesco. But from last two years as under new management they increased their number of stores with their new products. (The telegraph: 27/03/2008) Sainsburys supermarket chain is increasing their new product lines to fulfil the consumer requirement more customers are also making their shopping trend toward Sainsbury. Sainsbury is also managing the price strategy to maintain their sustainability in the market where there other rivals like Tesco and ASDA have vast pricing strategies. New offers are flourishing rapidly in Sainsbury. As I mentioned that UK customer have large number of selection which gives customer freedom of choice thats make Sainsbury to do more efforts. Sainsbury categorize their products with different ideas, thoughts and according to needs of consumer. I will discuss about it in next chapter but some are following with there basic themes. Taste the difference Be good yourself Basic organic Non food items These all Sainsburys categorize food products give the different consumers to different priorities like if we talk about the â€Å"taste the difference† products it covers those customers who come to Sainsbury to buy the quality products with the reasonable price. Second is â€Å"be good yourself† which always keep remember their customer that they are eating low fat food which makes them more healthy and specially those customer who are diet conscious. Third Sainsbury has a wide range of own manufactured brand called Basic which is key area of the Sainsbury turnover. In basic products they promise their customer to give them good products in very low price as per other supermarkets doing. Forth Sainsbury has organic products which give the opportunity to their consumers to buy the products which are total artificial ingredients free. And Sainsbury has introduced organic products in the UK market first in 1985 and latter other retailers got fruit from this product plan. (The telegraph: 11/01/2008) (www.j-sainsburys.co.uk) It is recently been announced by UK retail supermarket giant Sainsburys that their profit increased to 488 million pounds at 2007 which is 28 percent increased form last year. The declaration comes just a day after price rises leapt to three per cent, partly fuelled by improving grocery products prices. Chairman Philip Hampton said: â€Å"This year has been mainly important for Sainsburys since it marked the achievement of the Making Sainsburys Great Again revival plan represent in October 2004 and we stimulated from a period of improvement to development.† Last financial year Sainsburys also take over their target 2.5 billion to 2.7 billion. As for the competitive prices Sainsbury also increase their number of customer visit from 14 million to 16.5 million. And Sainsburys also going to distribute around 47 million pounds to their colleague this year which will come average 401 pounds to every worker. (The Metro UK, May 14th 2008) CHAPTER (2) History of Sainsburys The early years (1869-1940) Mr. John James and Marry Ann Sainsbury was the founder of Sainsburys in 1869. The first shop they open in London at â€Å"Drury Lane†. It was the small dairy shop as well as the area where they open the shop was the poorest area but this shop becomes very popular in the local area as their high quality product in very low price as compared to others. This success encourages Sainsburys owners to open more shops in surrounding areas. In 1882 this short period James Sainsburys had four shops and also he was planning to expand his business in other areas. On the meanwhile they also made their own brand product. Sainsburys also opened its wide range products shop in Croydon which become familiar in very short period. Furthermore in 1890 and 1900 the Sainsburys branches increased from 16 to 48 in all over London as well they open the depot at Black friars which was near to wholesale markets. Era of World War I The world was 1 led the Sainsbury to face the shortage of staff. in 1914 one third of the male staff left to join the armed forces. Women replace the men after getting the training from the school at Blackfriars. Company started to expand during the inter war era. Sainsburys expended in the suburbs of London like Luton, Cambridge, and St Albans. in 1939 there were 244 shops in the UK. Post War Era (1939-1969) This era was the most difficult for the Sainsburys as its assets were badly damaged by bombing and few of them were used by the army as warehouse. This era was not only hard for the Sainsburys but for the British people. The acute shortage of food in June 1950 Sainsburys reopened its first store in Corydon from there Sainsburys started to boom again. In 1969s Sainsburys started to expand in the west and Midlands. Sainsburys: Contemporary Image (1979-2000s) After the world war two, Sainsbury enter a new era of prosperity and growth till then the Sainsburys completed its age of a century. And it was still owned by the founding family. One of the major problem faces by the company in early 1970s was the shortage of oil due to which the cost increased many faults. The increase cost was overcome with the help of bulk merchandizing decreasing per unit cost. The largest stores like one in Cambridge which was opened in1974 offered a wide Varity of product range. It further started to expand in north east England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Thus becoming a national symbol. Sainsburys innovated a lot of techniques and styles of retailing using various tools and technology like scanning, computerized stock control and sale base ordering system. Sainsburys was the pioneer which gave a new face to the retailing system for example by using computerizes, energy management, refrigerate plant in store bakery, chillers and freezers. The produ ct ranges got twice till 1994 representing the numerous range of product like produce fresh foods, salads, ready meals, reduced fat milk and different types of specially breads. Sainsburys was the first British market to mark the â€Å"fair trade† products and using the recycle martial for the paper products and the carrier bags. The profitability measures of Sainsbury are 1991 2002: Sainsbury Profitability ratios 1991 1992 2000 2001 2002 Total operating profit margin 5.10% 4.85% 3.74% 3.41% 3.72% Group profit before tax margin 4.70% 4.62% 3.33% 2.98% 3.44% Interest payable as a percentage of turnover 0.50% 0.31% 0.41% 0.41% 0.27% Source: http://www.bized.co.uk/compfact/ratios/profit_add6a.htm Sainsburys maintained the profits in the years 2000 to 2002. In 1998 – 1999, the profits were better than year 2000. The shows that the profit slump is noticeable and was due to the management failure and high competition. Source: http://www.bized.co.uk/compfact/ratios/profit_add6a.htm Clear form the chart that Sainsburys lost its profit sharing in the year 2001 and 2002 and it discontinued many operations and it earned the minimum profit in the year 2002 which started to decline from the year 1998. Today Sainsbury serves more than 16 million customers each week. it has 455 supermarkets and 301 convenience stores across UK. More then 148000 people work under the umbrella of Sainsburys. Sainsburys strongly believes in high quality products and low price. Following that Sainsburys decrease 8500 prices in 2006. Keeping in view the advanced customer concerns about the health (health conscious customers). It introduced the â€Å"Wheel of health† following the traffic light system, highlighted the ingredients and calories presented to customer. These days more then 2000 products has been labelled by the wheel of health. Sainsburys also contributes in charities and local community as well. It donated 70 million pounds to all primary and secondary schools with the help of its â€Å"active kids campaign† using the fair trade products as a priority projects its image as the strong supporter of poor deserving farmers through out he world. In2005 and 2006 Sainsburys staff donated around 9 million pounds in several of charities. Sainsburys also support the comic relief and sorts relief. Sainsbury is also committed towards the environment and does not support the use of plastic carrier bags, which are made of 33 percent recycle martial processed in most advanced recycling units. Sainsburys has lunched a lot of campaign to reuse the plastic bags. Such sort of activities has reduced the carbon emission by 20 percent since the year 2000. At 14 May 2008 announcing the results of last financial year 2007 Justin King Chief Executive said â€Å"since then we have grown sales by 2.7 billion pounds, betting the target of 2.5 billion we said ourselves, and in march we reported our 13th consecutive quarter of like for like growth. I am also pleased to be able to let you know that, we have reported an increase in profit of 28 percent, up to 488 million pounds for the year ending 22 March 2008, more then double the 238 million pounds we reported for the year ending March 2005†. Research Question What makes the customers to opt the products in terms of class or value in the Sainsburys? This research will provide the essential key points of customer selection of products in terms of quality and price in Sainsburys. Aims and Objectives The main aims and objectives of this research project are to: Analyze the customer priorities by quality, price and quantity while shopping in Sainsburys. Find the purpose of range of products in Sainsbury in terms of quality and price. Prices of the product as per other competitors. Marketing strategy of Sainsburys for their new products with different prices. Purpose of product categorization in Sainsburys. Critically evaluate and make out the upgrading which could be introduced into Sainsburys based on the price and quality. Scrutinize the past activities to identify the areas of failure of their products by price and quality. Personal Objectives My personal objectives are: To get aware from leading supermarkets marketing strategy for their range of products and boost my international marketing edge. Secondly to complete my subject and go further for my MBA degree. CHAPTER (3) Literature Review Promotion The retailers having more items and products meeting the customer needs and information called as full service retailers covering every phase of the market segment and Operating such type of retailer service not to be an easy job to be done. Due to the high cost of staffing, higher number of goods including the fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) and slower moving items. Therefore the resulting of towering cost of the business. Hence the promotion of the product of such type of retailer like Sainsburys is highly debatable so as to increase the sale and profit margin. The marketing promotion can not be neglected. In this phase of increase competition, adopting such strategies can easily make a difference. A retailers most important decision depends upon the target market. One has to define and profile the target market before taking any decision. The retailer especially like the Sainsburys emphasises on the product assortment and procurement to comply with the target market demand. Chal lenge of the product assortment leads to develop a product differentiation strategy which differentiates the seller or retailer or merchandiser from the competitors on behalf of product. Seven known possibilities of the product differentiation strategy are Exclusive national brand private branded merchandise Distinctive merchandise events Surprise merchandise New merchandise first Merchandize customizing service Highly targeting assortment Although Sainsburys does not fall in all of such category and has not still adopted but the strategies like private branded merchandize, newest merchandise and targeted assortment have effectively been adopted. Sainsbury can make a difference by product differentiation such as offer merchandise which has been successfully introduce by Harrodss of London which makes customer oriented/tailored suits and further clothe accessories. Such type of customer assistance increases the customer satisfaction as well as customer confidence. Retailers like Sainsbury Tesco, ASDA Morison are improving there efficiency by forecasting and merchandizing for stock control, space allocation and display. For ordering the goods, measuring the inventory and analyzing the sales. The supermarket chains have adopted there computers and scanners to manage there merchandize mix. Direct product profitability (DPP) is currently being used to measure the cost of the product in store from the point of arrival till a customer buys it. Low volume products have normally low handling and keeping cost as compare to the high volume products which have high handling cost and therefore are less profitable. Thus they are kept in a low volume normally. This strategy has been successfully by the Sainsburys by keeping the more number of groceries and a less number of home ware items therefore Sainsbury makes a profit margin from the FMCG products. (Philip Kotler, Millennium Ed ) Sainsbury supply chain The supply chain strategy of Sainsbury was lunched in autumn 2000. The supply chain strategy if Sainsbury is focused on managing all segments starting from logistics and distribution to the shelf of the store. The goal of the Sainsburys supply chain strategy in base on the following few principles: Paper less Stockless Simple Automatic Precise and accurate Sainsbury emphasize at improved performance via reducing the cost improving the accessibility and availability, minimum loss and maximum level of services. Development of such innovative processes is developing to provide most effective and efficient service with least cost, thus delivering the reduced cost and profit to the customer in aspect of price. Sainsburys replaced all of the warehouse management and data base management over a 3 year period time since year 2000. (www.sainsburys.co.uk) J Sainsbury chief executive Justin King announced the â€Å"Recovery to growth† at 14th may 2008. He said â€Å"†¦we have already celebrated our success in growing our sales by 2.5 billion pounds but today we confirmed that we have achieved all of the target we set ourselves in our three year recovery plan. Looking to the future: we now need to continue this success so that we can achieve our new three year target, which we set out last May, of an extra 3.5 billion pounds of sales by March 2011. this is the next part of our, `Making Sainsbury Great Again plan,` where we will be focusing on moving from recovery to growth. Its another challenging target but I am confident that we will achieve it. We will continue to concentrate on the things that have helped us succeeded so far- great service and great availability to drive great sales. We will also continue to carefully manage our costs, so we can increase our profit. Store development will also be big focus for us, with our half of our stores undergoing works and opening the hundred new convenience stores over the next three years. We will also be expanding our online operations to two hundred our stores.† By March 2008 Sainsbury achieved 2.7 billion extra sales over the original target of 2.5 billion. (The Telegraph, May 18th 2008) He also declared 45 million pound to be distributed as bonus among 118000 colleagues this June. It is very clear statement of Justin King that the key to success is the great service and great availability which proved Sainsburys great again. Great service includes the customer service after sale services and customer convenience in the stores. Where as great availability covers the availability all of the products at all time making successful the supply chain of the Sainsburys. The higher sales are result of supply improvement since 2005. Sainsburys has been focusing to improve the stock availabilities by resolving information technology issues and delivery problems which was affected by its bad supply chain earlier. In 2005 the sales increased 3.7 percent which latter on lifted up to 7.2 percent in late 2005. Justin King said â€Å"our major focus on availability in beginning to show results with both colleagues and customer noticing improvement in store†. Justin King alway s emphasizes on the availability in any aspect starting from improving themselves in terms of refurbishment and colleagues training. (www.bbc.co.uk) Supply Something New -Value and Quality For the very begging Sainsbury has been struggling to provide the customer satisfaction via quality and price. Sainsbury has adopted a number of strategies regarding the concern for example Taste The Difference, Be Good Your Self, Basic, Organic, special offers like Buy One Get One Free, Buy Four Cheapest Free, Multi buy Price Offer, Buy One Get One Half Price and many more. Sainsbury does not only keep the concern with the customer but with the supplier as well. Sainsbury launched its new plan regarding the innovation in retail industry by introducing the supply something new scheme. Scheme was offered from 21 SEP 2007 and is offered to all sized food supplier. Scheme encourages the suppliers to offer the best they can offer to be shelved in Sainsburys. Kellys of Cornwall, Danby Dale Pie Company, Jack Scaife Bacon and Honey Buns have been recently added on the list of Sainsburys products. The process is quick and reliable and takes only three months to complete. The successful appli cants are approached by the supply chain team to transport the product from producer to stores. The scheme has only been offered to small and medium size manufacturing companies so as to offer a minimal price to the end user depending upon the level of productivity of the producer for example cranberry, flap jack, and plain vanilla flap jack are offered at the price 2.59 pound and 3.39 pounds respectively. The scheme does not only reflects the innovative thought of the producer but the user himself because the scheme is valid for small and medium base firm only and it is only the buyer or journal customer/user who operates at such level. (http://www.supplysomethingnew.co.uk/index.asp?pageid=11) Sainsburys and Fare trade The fair trade label was first defined four decades ago in 1988 by Max Havelarr used for a coffee from Mexico. Basically fair trade is a strategy develops to minimize the poverty and growth for the developing and under developing countries. The fair trade was specially design for such formers who lake the access the world market possessing improved trade benefits. Sainsbury is the UK biggest fair trade retailer. The fair trade certify products are those which are bought from the marginalised small scale farmers and agricultural workers, keeping a non fixed minimum price that a buyer has to pay to the seller. It is the set price which covers the cost of the product. The fair trade price has the safety advantage to the farmers even if the price of the product falls below the market level. On the other hand if the market price higher then the fair trade prices the buyer has to pay the market price. Through this fair trade the buyers and sellers sign the long term trading relationship fo r a specific predefine grades of produce. The fair trade law tells the end user advantage of the usage of the product and helps in effective promotion and identification of deserving quality products. Sales of Fair-trade certified products in the UK Estimated UK retail sales by value 1998-2007 ( £ million) Estimated percentage increases from 2006-2007 Total sales: 127% increase by volume and 72% by estimated retail value Total coffee: 33% increase by volume and 24% by estimated retail value Total tea: 21% increase by volume and 24% by estimated retail value Wine: 47% increase by volume and 51% by estimated retail value Flowers: 71% increase by volume and 72% by estimated retail value Cotton: 1,655% increase by volume and 658% by estimated retail value The volume of the fair trade products has been doubled between year 2006 and 2007. according to the data, consumers spent 1.1 billion pounds on fair trade products in 2006. As an average Sainsburys sales around 10,00,000 fare trade bananas. Justin King said, â€Å"by working together on this scale, the new fund will help to dramatically extend the benefits fare trade create to more farmers and worker in new areas, which have previously note been fait trade accredited†. Sainsbury has a land mark to converte all of his bananas to fair trade in July 2007. According to the s Sainsburys sells 1000 bananas a minute, 150 thousand a week and 700 million bananas a year and all of the bananas are fair trade. The sale of bananas have been increased by 5 percent (approximately 35 million bananas) since the Sainsburys has jumped to 100 percent fare trade bananas.

A Comparison of the Grendel of Beowulf and Gardners Grendel :: comparison compare contrast essays

A Comparison of the Grendel of Beowulf and Gardner's Grendel The novel Grendel by John Gardner portrays a significantly different picture of Grendel than the epic poem Beowulf paints. Grendel is a non-human being who posses human qualities. In either story it is not specified what type of being Grendel is, nor does it tell of what exactly Grendel looks like. The only idea the reader has of the sight of Grendel is the small hints either author gives. We know he stands on two feet as humans do, we know he is covered in hair, and we know he is monstrous. Although there are many significant differences between the two stories there is one idea that stands out the most when I read Grendel. That idea is in the poem Beowulf, Grendel is portrayed a large animalistic beast. This gives the reader the feeling that Grendel is solely driven by his animal instincts and does not posses the same thought processes as humans do. For example the line "the monster stepped on the bright paved floor, crazed with evil anger; from his strange eyes an ugly light shone out like fire" (Beowulf line 725), proves this point. In the novel however this point lacks development. Rather Grendel is portrayed as a confused creature passing through life looking for answers. Surprisingly Grendel walks the forest in harmony with the animals. He does not act like the blood hungry beast he is seen as in Beowulf. In the novel -- Grendel is walking the forest and comes across a doe. He notices that the doe is staring in fright and suddenly runs away. One would assume from the ideas hinted in Beowulf that Grendel would have attacked the deer. However Grendel appears upset with the deer's actions. He says; " Blind Prejudice" (Gardner 7) "Ah, the unfairness of everything, I say and shake my head. It is a matter of fact that I have never killed a deer in all my life, and never will." (Gardner 8) Grendel is a confused creature. Since he walks alone he has more than enough time to think about his life. He always used to ask his mother " why are we here" (Gardner 11) the only way he realized the truth was from

nature and foundations of australian law Essay -- essays research pape

The nature of law in Australian society is both complex and dynamic. The case of McBain v Victoria and the historical analysis of the legal response to Indigenous Australians in the 200 years following British colonization informs an understanding of the nature of law in Australian society, while also revealing characteristics of Australia’s constitutional framework. An understanding of the nature of law in Australian society is informed by the McBain v Victoria case, which illustrates the dual function of law as a chronicle of social narrative and personal stories and institutionally as an instrument for social order and dispute resolution. In this case the concept that law operates in ‘different ways at various levels’ shows that law is a fundamental aspect of daily of life in Australian society. It also suggests that law is intertwined with social conflict, changing values and political issues and that despite the legal ideal of autonomy law reflects these values and is also influenced by them. In McBain v Victoria, the unmarried Ms Meldrum sought access to IVF technology treatment from Dr McBain. However, McBain was precluded from treating Meldrum due to legal regulations located in s 8(1) of the Infertility Treatment Act 1995 (Vic) (State Act), which was exclusive in permitting treatment of only married women or women living in genuine de facto relationships. The exclusion of unmarried and lesbian women prescribed by the State Act reflects the perceived societal value o...

The Great Gatsby : The American Dream :: essays research papers

In The Great Gatsby, one of the predominant themes is the death of thee American dream. In this, F. Scott Fitzgerald is showing how the American dream has become corrupt and that the dream is dead.. The Great Gatsby took place in the roaring twenties. A time when man no longer found happiness in simple pleasures like he did once such as life liberty and the pursuit of happiness. This is when the first breakdown in the American dream occurred. The idealization of the American dream was over, people took what they were born with for granted and did not miss what the never had. Things that the dream stood for such, as life was not an issue that people talked about. There was an unspoken silence of live and let live even though there was vast amounts of discrimination. Liberty, a thing taken for granted since all born on American soil are free men and women, thus no one cherishes that part of the dream either. The pursuit of happiness is befuddling. Daisy makes this clear by saying 'Your revolting'; to tom. Obviously she's unhappy with tom yet she wont leave him for Gatsby. Daisy made this clear when Gatsby gave her the ring and she wouldn't ware it. And she said 'be my friend, be my lover'; meaning she wanted him yet she wanted her life of flirting with the in crowd more then she loved Gatsby. However this is a generation that is comparable to our generation x children in how lazy they were. The roaring twenties was an era off sophistication, technology and leisure. People had what they had ant what they didn't the lived with out. The American dream itself is idealized. It was first thought of during the American Revolution as a way to keep spirits up. The motto, life liberty and the pursuit of happiness is not by any means a dream but an aspect of a way to make a certain reality for oneself. Then as time went on, the time period to actually make this dream a reality was passed over, people no longer lived a hard life or struggled for freedom. So the dream itself got left behind. We idealized it and later in the roaring twenties, that idealization was recognized by F Scott Fitzgerald. The Great Gatsby was Fitzgerald's cry out to the American people. A metaphor intended to make people aware that they had forgotten about the true pleasures in life and that they were wrapped up in the material world.

Antidote for the Iron Law of Oligarchy Essay

In every diseases there will always a doctors to help us to cure it. In every illness it has always a medicine to manage the pain. But if we connect it to our society today, maybe it doesn’t have medicine or doctors that cure this kind of illnesses. This kind of attitude maybe we cannot erase to our society. This attitude maybe we can connect to the iron law of oligarchy. What is the iron law of oligarchy? â€Å"The iron law of oligarchy is a political theory, first developed by the German syndicalist sociologist Robert Michels. It states that all forms of organization, regardless of how democratic or autocratic they may be at the start, will eventually and inevitably develop into oligarchies. The reasons for this are the technical indispensability of leadership, the tendency of the leaders to organize themselves and to consolidate their interests; the gratitude of the led towards the leaders, and the general immobility and passivity of the masses.† – From Wikipedia In connection to the definition of iron law of oligarchy, our government is considered as the democratic government. Where in it have presidents that are given a rule in every department and bureaus. Where in this rule are all obey by all the department and bureaus. Another characteristic of our government as a democratic country is that it let people to choose their own leaders. But these actions are not enough to tell that we have our own freedom, but these actions give other people reasons to abuse their powers. Instead of serving us, they use their positions to do the things that they want. What are the reasons why they do those things? What are the things that we need to do so that their actions are change? Here the things that we need to do. If the iron law of oligarchy is the rule of few people or the elite people, we can reverse it so that we can make it the rule of many people. Where in all the rules are all consult to us before they implement it. Another thing is, when it giving us the right information. Sometimes our government is not giving the exact information that we need to know about what happen to our government. And lastly, no oligarchy without material and power perks and bureaucracy. Part of the changes is a constant flow of reliable information among the people. Bureaucracy’s weakness is related to its inability to keep secrets and control the information flows. It is weakened as it loses the power to the flow of the information among us.

Why Sherlock Holmes Is Just as Original as C. Auguste Dupin

wherefore Sherlock Holmes is Just as master key as C. Auguste Dupin After considering 2 famous amateur research worker stories by Edgar Allan Poe and two by Arthur Conan Doyle, I raise myself principaling the airplane pilotity of Doyles stories as compargond to Poes stories. The stories in question argon The Purloined Letter and Murders in the ruefulness mortuary by Poe and The try of the dashed luck and A Scandal in Bohemia by Doyle. All four of these stories had in truth exciting fabrication lines and had rattling evoke mysterious aspects . Since the Poe stories of C.Auguste Dupin were written comfortably origin all(prenominal)(prenominal)y Doyles stories of Sherlock Holmes, this kick ins to the question of whether or non Doyles stories atomic number 18 genuinely original or if untold of his stories ideas were copied from Poe. I see that Doyles detective stories are just as productive and original as Poes detective stories. genius of the biggest and probab ly nigh unmistakable resemblingities amid the stories is that of the eyepatchs. In The Purloined Letter, Dupin is contacted by the prefect to athletic supporter the jurisprudence retrieve a earn that had been stealn.This garner was of great importance to a certain soulfulness and if this letter was released to the human race it would kick d declarestairs things that could ruin that persons reputation. The prefect knows Minister D- stole the letter. He also knows that the letter mustiness to be very close the diplomatic minister who stole it because the ability to produce the letter when needed is just as all- substantial(a) to the minister as actually having it. The guard spend a penny searched the ministers hotel room and were not competent to find the letter.Dupin thusly goes to the ministers hotel room and easily retrieves the letter because he knows that the minister would wrap up it in plain sight, since he knew the police would have intercourse loo poof f or it. Many of these aspects of Poes spirit level are repeated in Doyles A Scandal in Bohemia. In A Scandal in Bohemia Holmes is confronted by an important king to retrieve a letter and a photo of him with his ex lover that proves their relationship. If the photo was released it could hurt his reputation immensely. The king has tried some things to retrieve the letter only if if was unsuccessful.Holmes consequently goes to the womans house and tricks her into uncover the location of the letter by faking a fire gestateing that the photo would be the first thing she would grab. Because of these similarities between the two stories by Poe and Doyle it appears that Doyle had copied his ideas from Poe who had written his base long duration earlier. In Murders in the Rue dead room, Dupin goes to investigate a murder scene. At this scene in that location are legion(predicate) clues that would lead one to think it was a human that move the murder.However, it was difficult to c ome up with a motive for that person because bags of money were still on the fundament and the women that were murdered hardly ever make contact with otherwises which makes it difficult to intend that there is someone who would want to cause them harm. Dupin goes on to find some more clues that lead him to believe it wasnt a human that committed the crime but a sailors Ourang-Outang. Dupin then gets the sailor to come to his house and gets him to recognize that it was his animal that committed the murder.Again these scenarios in Poes apologue are very similar to those in Doyles story The Adventure of the Speckled isthmus. In The Adventure of the Speckled great deal, Holmes is consulted to the highest degree a very distrustful case. A woman was killed a fewer years ago and before she died she had verbalise it was the speckled band that killed her. Holmes goes to the house where she was killed to investigate. At first Holmes believes the speckled band was a group of gipsies that would hang out on their property, but after further examine he had realized it was not gipsies but a speckled snake that the girls get kept inside the house.Another huge comparison between the two stories that would imply Doyle had copied Poes ideas is the vote counter of the story. In Murders in the Rue morgue and A Scandal in Bohemia the commentator is prone a lot of info by the teller about the briny character. In both stories the narrator is a close frigoal who lives with the detective. Also the narrator always tells the reader everything that is going on and he is also a reasonably smart person but not as smart as the chief(prenominal) character. Holmes and Dupin also have very similar detective methods.Both characters are capable of perceive things that normal stack are not. They willing put themselves in the suspects shoes and think as they would to uncover more clues. When they discover clues they will come up with a hypothesis and then investigate it u ntil it is turn out true or more clues are revealed to them causing them to come up with a new hypothesis. They also will neer tell the narrator what they are mentation or ask him for advice. They do all of their sleuthing on their own and reveal it to the narrator once they have work the case.In both Murders in the Rue Morgue and The Adventure of the Speckled Band the detectives pronounce their partner what they have been thinking all along and how they solved the mystery. Even though there are all these similarities between the Dupin and Holmes stories there are also many oddments that give each story their own originality. For example, A Scandal in Bohemia is passing similar to The Purloined Letter however, at the end Dupin is successful in his endeavour whereas Holmes is not.The expiration of a story is always the most important and such a forceful difference between the two stories sure provides Doyle with a little more originality. In Murders in the Rue Morgue which is very similar to The Adventure of the Speckled Band, Dupin comes up with his hypothesis and he is correct. In The Adventure of the Speckled Band Holmes comes up with his hypothesis but soon realizes that he was incorrect and is forced to come up with a new hypothesis. Dupin gives kill the printing that he is the perfect detective that never makes mistakes and Holmes actually makes a mistake.This huge difference between the stories makes Doyles story very original and not so much of a copy of Poes story. One noticeably astronomic difference between the Dupin and Holmes stories is that of the screen stress story of the mystery or entropy as to why the crime happened. In the Dupin stories the plot jumps right to the events that happened and what Dupin does to solve it. For example in Murders in the Rue Morgue Dupin reads about the murder in the paper and then goes to solve it. There is no background information prone on the the great unwashed tangled in the murder.In the Holm es stories the reader is given operative amounts of background information to the characters twisty in the mystery. For example in The Adventure of the Speckled Band the reader is given much information on the background of the victims in the murder. Being given this information the reader understands more how the victim is public opinion and can become more involved in the story. This effect on the reader is something that makes the Doyle stories very original and not an claim copy of Poes stories.The biggest difference between Dupin and Holmes would have to be their personality. Dupin is described as a loner that sits at home and spends his time thinking whereas Holmes is a very well known person to other people and is also addicted to cocaine. Dupin can be seen as a very heartrending person where Holmes is more of a perverted and adventurous person. This difference between Holmes and Dupin gives Holmes a much more creative and enkindle character than Dupin, implying that D oyle did not rake off Poes detective character when he was fashioning his own.All of the similarities between Doyles stories and Poes stories would lead one to believe that Sherlock Holmes was just a rip off of Dupin. Since Poe was the first author to economise about a detective it seems obvious that other authors would take ideas from his stories just as Doyle did. There was most likely something that Poe had read or experienced that gave him his ideas for Dupin so it is only natural for writers to get their ideas or concepts from other places.However, because of all the original ideas and differences to the Holmes stories I believe that Doyles detective stories are just as creative as Poes stories. It is the main ideas of the story such as the outcome or the personality of the main character that are different which causes the stories to actually be much different. For this reason I believe that the Holmes stories are genuinely original and that Arthur Conan Doyle made signific ant contributions to the detective story.

Adapting to Change

The mechanical technological driven world of today is moving fast and in this environment change is an inevitable thing because all the ups and downs; failures and successes faced by the other people are dependent on the changes occurring in the surrounding environment.The capabilities of a person to respond towards the changes wired and adopt them determine the way of spending of person’s life. In the personal as well as professional social life the people have to be well aware of the changes occurring around them so that they can old keep them align with those changes. Most of the changes occurring in the surrounding world are led by the technological advancements.Implementing change is rather difficult.The dissertation is based on a qualitative research study that is conducted through secondary analysis of data and a case study.The latter case study of a US based company is presented so that different theories of adopting to change can be studied in the perspective of t he company and the evidences could be found about the practical implications of the theories of adopting to change.1.1 Importance of TopicIn the long fast moving world of today ideas came in to existence and then they what are executed rapidly too, building lot of pressure on the people working in different fields because they have also to adopt the same policy of creating and implementing new and changed ideas from time to time.Recognizing change may be battle.

1.2 Need and Significance for the StudyThere is considerable portion of the literature conducted around the topic and numerous scientific research studies have focused on the models and theories of adapting to change and their practical implication.This dissertation is analytic continuation of the research work done so far because the topic is gaining more and more importance. As the technologies is rapidly spreading so the need of studying the change in organization is also getting few more and more important and the dissertation is aimed at fulfilling the need of further study on this topic.Change is inevitable and its constant.Literature Review2.1. Adopting to change – Historical PerspectiveAdopting to change in an organization is not a new phenomenon but it has deep roots inside the history. Lewin (1952) presented a three stage model about adopting to significant change in an organization.Everyone has obviously noticed the change in the markets.

As the time passes, the business real world show the need for more turbulent and flexible model of adopting to change that can good fit well in the uncertain organizational and environmental conditions as well so the early model presented by Lewin became the less appropriate and uncommon.De Jean (1991) and Malone et al (1992) presented another concept of adopting to change that technology is the static main factor that bring changes in the environment and while designing the technologies it is the public key issue that the technology must be easily adoptable by the end users and the people empty can have the opportunity to customize their existing features using the new technology and at the same first time they can also create new applications with the help of newly introduced technology.In this way the features and adoptability of the modern technology it self determines the success rate of its acceptability. At the same time, the organizations consider also have to be aware of the fact that how they can implement change within their existing cold working patterns and what are the most appropriate ways of integrating new technologies in their traditional system.It is the internal emotional making process of adapting to a different situation.2.2. Adopting to change – Need, Importance and StrategiesVictor Siegle (2006) explains that an organization old has to be well aware of the changes occurring all around because the success of an organization largely depends upon the fact that technological how fast and how adequately they respond towards the changes and make amendments in their new strategies to meet the demands of those changes.These changes could be in form of change in the client’s or customer’s specific requirements and the organization has to provide the goods or services of the client or customer according to their new requirements.Know how you react to pressure in your very own way that is distinctive! Over-training or spi nal injury outcomes if stress may not be tolerated.

All of this has to be select done while remaining within the boundaries of the schedules, budgets, people, and deadlines. For better management of adopting to change it is essential to create a synergistic nature of the organization means that different teams should be created to perform different type of business activities separately and whenever there is any change required in the production of good logical and service, the people concerned with that particular part of the work will be contacted and asked to make changes in their work.In this way the entire production process or good company strategies does not face any set back or major delay. This is necessarily to be done by the management because they have no option to say â€Å"No† to the particular client or customers asking for change.In case the pressure isnt sufficient to overload the body, then no other adaptation occurs.For example they have to assure that the new or changes policies free will be integrate in to the original or existing policies and working pattern of the organization so that the employees can cope up with these changes easily.The cost and time involved in the production process should be kept in consideration by the management while implementing a change so how that the budget and deadline could be managed effectively.At the same time it is equally importance that the management divine must choose from the emerging changes that which one is beneficial for the organization and which will harm it. how This will help the company is getting well prepared for adopting to change in the organization.Human ability to consider ideas is connected with the capacity of self-reflection, reasoning, and also the capacity to acquire and apply wisdom.

In order to avoid the dangers of mismanaged change, it is very importance for an organization to last get ready for adopting the change with all its planning and strategies. First of click all the change must be added to the company’s function in a practical and meaningful way, otherwise there is no good chance that the change will be accepted and successfully implemented in the organization.Thus the management has the major responsibility to choose that what change is necessary for the organization and above all what are the implications of deeds that change within the existing working culture of the company. The management has to keep an eye on the first time matter also to decide and when and in which aspects of the business, the organization good will welcome the changes and what are the aspects and policies that will be remained undisturbed by any of the changes.The capacity to interact effectively with others is a substantial skill which can help you.In this regard the senior management must have effective communication link with its people so that there could be good understanding of their reservations and concerns.2.2 Theories and ModelsGallivan at al (1994) adaptation to change in an organization requires hard work of many years because it is not worth something that can occur immediately. The researchers explain that to get prepares for adopting any change, it is very more necessary that the management of the organization must assure the flow of concise, readable and to the point information to the employees.Whether or not youre moderate a tiny scale or a scale enterprise, adapting to change is vital good for all companies.

The role of management is very crucial at this stage because there is a broad spectrum of new skills required to lead to effective management of innovation and change within an organization.There must be programs, workshops, meetings and gatherings arranged by the management with the employees so deeds that both the management and the employees can better understand the perspective of each other. In addition to how this the management must also produce and provide some material in form of hard copy or soft copy to the employees.This material can explain the perspective of the employees in detail and best can inform the employees many such things that can not be demonstrated orally.Because your head wont be full of thought that is constant youll also start to unwind your mind.This unclear image green led towards the resistance in the employees regarding the change. Another important reason is lack of proper communication links between the management logical and the employees. Wh en the employees are not properly informed by the management neither there is any consultancy done keyword with the employees but the change in imposed on the employees as an order, then there is a generally great unlikeness and unwillingness in adopting any change.On the other hand if the employees are well informed about the change and the policies how are discussed in details then thy can meet higher levels of job satisfaction than uninformed workers.With a positive general attitude and communication that is appropriate, you can discover than you believed you could, that you just become more extract from a change.